Introduction to IT 시험 - WGU실제시험문제와 답 - 67문항

Question No : 1

What does the following SQL statement produce when executed?
SELECT * FROM Customers
WHERE State = 'Arizona';

A.All of the records from the Customers database that are located in Arizona
B.All of the records from the Customers database
C.All of the records from the Customers table
D.All of the records from the Customers table that are located in Arizona

정답:
Explanation:
The SQL statement provided is a SELECT query that retrieves data from a table within a database.
Here’s a breakdown of the statement:
• SELECT *: This part of the query specifies that all columns from the specified table should be returned in the result set.
• FROM Customers: This indicates that the table from which to retrieve the data is named ‘Customers’.
• WHERE State = 'Arizona': This is a condition that filters the results to only include rows where the ‘State’ column contains the value ‘Arizona’.
Therefore, when this SQL statement is executed, it will produce a result set that includes all columns for all records in the ‘Customers’ table where the ‘State’ is ‘Arizona’.
Reference
• SQL documentation on SELECT statements.
• Database management textbooks and online resources that cover SQL syntax and query execution.

Question No : 2

What can applications use to interact with a database?

A.Java Database Connectivity
B.Operating System
C.IIAS
D.SQL

정답:
Explanation:
SQL is the standard language for communicating with relational databases.
Applications use SQL to:
• Retrieve data: SELECT queries are used to fetch specific data from database tables.
• Modify data: INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements allow applications to add, change, or remove data in the database.
• Manage database structure: CREATE, ALTER, and DROP statements let applications create tables, modify their structure, or delete them entirely.

Question No : 3

What is the primary role of the database administrator?

A.Internet security access control
B.DBMS installation, maintenance, performance analysis, and troubleshooting
C.Business system design and development
D.Operating system throughput and performance optimization

정답:
Explanation:
The core responsibility of a database administrator (DBA) centers around managing and optimizing
Database Management Systems (DBMS).
This includes:
• Installation and Configuration: Setting up new database instances, applying relevant configurations, and ensuring they align with the organization's needs.
• Maintenance: Performing regular backups, security updates, and patch management to keep the databases secure and healthy.
• Performance Analysis: Monitoring database performance, identifying bottlenecks, and implementing optimizations to ensure efficient data retrieval and operations.
• Troubleshooting: Proactively addressing database errors, resolving operational issues, and ensuring data integrity.

Question No : 4

What type of database uses parent-child relationships?

A.Embedded
B.Flat file
C.Family file
D.Hierarchical

정답:
Explanation:
Hierarchical databases use a parent-child relationship model. In this type of database, data is organized into a tree-like structure that implies a single-parent for each record. This model allows the representation of data in a hierarchy which is very much like a family tree. Each parent can have multiple children, but each child has only one parent (also known as a one-to-many relationship).
The hierarchical database model was one of the first database models, historically used with mainframe computers. In this model, records contain information about their groups of parent/child relationships, similar to a family tree. If we consider a database of employees, each department would be a parent node, and each employee within that department would be a child node of the department.
Reference: The concept of parent-child relationships in databases is well-established and discussed in various educational resources and forums. For example, Stack Overflow provides explanations of how these relationships work in practice12. Additionally, other resources like phoenixnap.com explain how these relationships are established in databases3.

Question No : 5

What is the correct definition of a join query?

A.A join is a search of data in the relation that fit specific parameters.
B.A join returns all records from a relation but only for certain attributes or fields.
C.A join is a collection of records organized in some manner.
D.A join withdraws information from multiple relations.

정답:
Explanation:
A join in the context of a database, specifically SQL, is an operation that combines rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them. The purpose of a join is to retrieve data that
exists across multiple tables which share a common field or key. The process typically involves the following steps:

Question No : 6

Which statement best describes the purpose of a business intelligence (BI) system?

A.A BI system integrates all departments in an organization.
B.A BI system helps the strategic decision-making process.
C.A BI system allows access to raw data.
D.A BI system uses only proprietary data to maximize quality.

정답:
Explanation:
Business Intelligence (BI) systems are designed to analyze data and provide actionable information
that aids in strategic decision-making. The purpose of a BI system is not merely to integrate departments or provide access to raw data, nor is it limited to using only proprietary data. Instead, BI systems enable organizations to make informed decisions based on the analysis of a wide range of data.
Here’s how they work:

Question No : 7

When would a business intelligence (BI) system be useful in making a decision?

A.When deciding whether to promote an employee by looking at their annual sales performance
B.When figuring out when to reorder store inventory for a particular stock keeping unit (SKU)
C.When deciding if a restaurant should use more organic food in its menu, based on customer reviews and an analysis of current costs
D.When determining the average salary of the company's executives

정답:
Explanation:
A BI system shines in this scenario because it leverages the power of data from various sources and turns that into actionable insights:
• Customer Sentiment Analysis: BI systems can incorporate natural language processing to analyze customer reviews, gauging sentiment and preferences towards organic food. Trends and patterns can be identified.
• Cost Analysis: BI can pull in data on ingredient costs (organic vs. conventional), preparing a comprehensive analysis of how switching to more organic food would impact operational expenses.
• Decision Support: By combining customer sentiment, cost analysis, and potentially market trends (through external data integration), a BI system can provide a holistic view of the trade-offs and the potential impact of increasing organic food usage.

Question No : 8

Which item information should be stored in a database to determine a student's previous academic year's course load?

A.Course level
B.Course grade
C.Course identification number
D.Course name

정답:
Explanation:
To determine a student’s previous academic year’s course load, the most crucial piece of information is the course identification number. This unique identifier allows for the retrieval of specific data related to each course, such as the number of credit hours or units associated with the course, which directly contributes to the calculation of the course load.
Here’s a step-by-step explanation of how this information is used:

Question No : 9

Which data type should be used to calculate 90% of the retail price of an item?

A.Boolean
B.Floating-point
C.Auto-number
D.String

정답:
Explanation:
To calculate a percentage of a price, you need a data type that can handle decimal values, as the result may not be a whole number.
Here’s why a floating-point data type is appropriate:

Question No : 10

Which type of services are Google Apps, Dropbox, and GoToMeeting?

A.Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
B.Infrastructure-as-a-Service (laaS)
C.Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
D.Security-as-a-Service (SECaaS)

정답:
Explanation:
Google Apps, Dropbox, and GoToMeeting are all examples of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). SaaS is a software distribution model in which a third-party provider hosts applications and makes them available to customers over the internet. This contrasts with IaaS, which provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, and PaaS, which offers hardware and software tools over the internet.

Question No : 11

What are two roles of the Internet in the business ecosystem? Choose 2 answers

A.Connecting remote employees and offices across wide distances
B.Allowing software to be purchased by one user and shared across the company
C.Marketing of products and services
D.Increasing information control and security

정답:
Explanation:
The Internet plays two important roles in the business ecosystem:

Question No : 12

Which operation converts raw data into Information?

A.Processing
B.Storage
C.Output
D.Input

정답:
Explanation:
The operation that converts raw data into information is
A. Processing.
Data transformation involves manipulating and reorganizing raw data to extract meaningful insights and patterns, resulting in useful information1.
Reference

Question No : 13

Which computing term describes a collection of hardware and software components that work together to meet the needs of the user?

A.A hard drive
B.An operating system
C.A computer system
D.A motherboard

정답:
Explanation:
The computing term that describes a collection of hardware and software components working together to meet the needs of the user is C. A computer system.
A computer system consists of both physical hardware components (like the central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, etc.) and software components (such as operating systems, applications, and programs).
Reference

Question No : 14

Nadia Is collecting data for a project. The goal of the project is to determine which smartphone applications customers are most likely to use. Her main source of information will be online surveys that will be collected from customers over the next six months.
Which practices would help ensure that she will collect quality data?

A.Developing questions for the survey that are directly related to customers' application preferences
B.Changing some of the questions on the survey after the first 3 months
C.Having customers in certain demographics fill out the survey multiple times
D.Changing any data on surveys where she thinks the customer has made an error

정답:
Explanation:
Developing questions for the survey that are directly related to customers’ application preferences is a practice that would help ensure collecting quality data.
Nadia should focus on relevant questions related to application preferences to gather accurate data.
Reference

Question No : 15

An Instructor delivers a quiz to the students in a class, assigns a grade to each quiz, and determines the minimum, maximum, and average grade. When the quizzes are returned, the students receive the average differential for each grade.
Which content is considered data in this scenario?

A.The grade for each quiz
B.The average differential for each quiz
C.The minimum and maximum grade for all quizzes
D.The average grade for all quizzes

정답:
Explanation:
In this scenario, the grade for each quiz is considered data. Each student’s specific score represents a discrete piece of information, and collectively, these individual grades form the dataset that the instructor analyzes to calculate the minimum, maximum, and average grades1. The other options (average differential, minimum and maximum grade for all quizzes, and average grade for all quizzes) are derived metrics or summaries based on this raw data2.

WGU Introduction to IT 시험