L5M7 시험 - CIPS실제시험문제와 답 - 88문항

Question No : 1

Farmer Joe sells wheat and barley. He charges more when demand is high and less when demand falls.
What pricing strategy does he follow?

A.Competitive Pricing
B.Flexible Pricing
C.Dynamic Pricing
D.Variable Pricing

정답:
Explanation:
Dynamic Pricing adjusts prices in real time to reflect market demand and supply conditions, commonly used in commodities.
Short cited term: “dynamic pricing C prices adjust to demand fluctuation.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 189)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 189.

Question No : 2

Which of the following is an example of Variable Pricing?

A.A wholesaler offers a discount when a customer buys more than 100 units.
B.A cleaning firm charges more when demand increases.
C.A retailer holds a January sale.
D.A restaurant offers student discounts.

정답:
Explanation:
Variable Pricing changes the unit price based on quantity purchased; larger volumes trigger discounts.
Short cited term: “price varies with quantity ordered.” (L5M7 Study Guide, pp. 188C191)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, pp. 188C191.

Question No : 3

Which of the following are incentives for suppliers to perform well on a contract? Select TWO.

A.Revenue-based pricing
B.Market-based pricing
C.Outcome-based pricing
D.Quality-based pricing

정답:
Explanation:
Revenue-based and Outcome-based pricing share financial benefits and performance gains, motivating suppliers to excel.
Short cited term: “gainshare, revenue and outcome pricing as supplier incentives.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 198)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 198.

Question No : 4

Tom, a Procurement Manager, is initiating a Supplier Rationalisation project.
What should he complete first to direct the project?

A.Introduce Six Sigma
B.Implement Total Quality Management
C.Conduct SWOT Analysis
D.Perform Spend Analysis

정답:
Explanation:
A Spend Analysis identifies where money is spent and with which suppliers―vital to determine consolidation opportunities before rationalising the base.
Short cited term: “spend analysis precedes supplier rationalisation.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 203)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 203.

Question No : 5

For which of the following supply examples is trust in the supplier least important?

A.A bottleneck item critical to production
B.A non-critical item with low supply risk
C.A leverage item with high profit impact
D.A strategic item with high supply risk

정답:
Explanation:
Non-critical items involve low value and low risk, usually managed via transactional or arm’s-length relationships where trust plays a minor role.
Short cited term: “non-critical = low trust required.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 221)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 221.

Question No : 6

Which of the following statements about supply chain knowledge is correct? Select TWO.

A.Where supply chain knowledge is low, there is high collaboration with partners.
B.Where supply chain knowledge is low, members tend to operate independently of others.
C.Where there is high readiness to use technology, IT use is deliberate and structured.
D.Where technology utilisation is low, systems and policies are consistent.

정답:
Explanation:
When knowledge is low, members work independently; higher technological readiness creates deliberate and structured IT use.
Short cited term: “low knowledge → independent working; high tech readiness → structured IT use.”
(L5M7 Study Guide, p. 51)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 51.

Question No : 7

The effective balancing of demand variability and inventory that achieves the optimal time a product passes through the supply chain is known as:

A.Just-in-Time
B.Lean Manufacturing
C.The Theory of Swift, Even Flow
D.Cycle Time

정답:
Explanation:
The Theory of Swift Even Flow states that organisational efficiency improves as the flow of materials, information, and cash becomes smooth and consistent through the chain.
Short cited term: “balancing demand and inventory to achieve swift, even flow.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 37)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 37.

Question No : 8

Long runs, stable product design, and inventory buffers are objectives of which business function?

A.Sourcing
B.Manufacturing
C.Logistics
D.Sales

정답:
Explanation:
Manufacturing objectives emphasise efficiency through long production runs, stable design, and inventory buffering to ensure continuity of output.
Short cited term: “manufacturing C long runs and inventory buffer.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 36)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 36.

Question No : 9

Jerry works in product development at a clothing manufacturer. The company is discussing ways of adding value for customers. Jerry suggests reducing prices could be a form of added value.
Is he correct?

A.Yes C this is a form of added value but requires the ability of the supply chain to reduce costs.
B.Yes C this will increase the company’s profit margin.
C.No C added value is only a form of innovation.
D.No C as the customer is not offered anything additional to their purchase.

정답:
Explanation:
Added Value arises whenever the customer perceives extra benefit. Lowering prices can add value if the supply chain reduces costs to support it sustainably.
Short cited term: “price reduction is a form of added value if supported by cost efficiencies.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 35)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 35.

Question No : 10

In a typical Supply Chain Quality Framework (SCQF), which of the following characteristics is likely to feature?
Select THREE.

A.Sustainability
B.Information
C.Continuous Improvement
D.Procurement
E.Marketing

정답:
Explanation:
The SCQF integrates factors that promote long-term excellence across the chain: leadership, stakeholder commitment, sustainability, information management, and continuous improvement.
These underpin effective quality and performance.
Short cited term: “key features include sustainability, information and continuous improvement.” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 34)
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 34.

Question No : 11

Which approach to quality involves manufacturing only what is required, when it is required?

A.Zero Defects
B.Total Quality Control
C.Total Quality Management
D.Just-in-Time

정답:
Explanation:
Just-in-Time (JIT) manufacturing produces goods only when required, eliminating excess inventory and waste, ensuring smooth, efficient flow.
Short cited term: “make only what is needed, when needed” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 30).
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 30.

Question No : 12

In a supply chain, can a downstream supplier influence all aspects of quality including customer perception?

A.Yes C downstream suppliers have the most power in the chain
B.Yes C customer perception is derived from the supplier’s inputs and specification
C.No C customer perception is influenced by other functions such as marketing
D.No C a downstream supplier has no control over quality at all

정답:
Explanation:
A downstream supplier influences most aspects of quality but not customer perception, which is shaped by marketing and brand functions.
Short cited term: “except customer perception, influenced by marketing” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 30).
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 30.

Question No : 13

Plastic Fantastic Ltd manufactures plastic homeware. Customers can return used products to the retailer, who passes them back to the manufacturer for reprocessing.
What type of supply chain is this?

A.Open Loop Supply Chain
B.Forward Loop Supply Chain
C.Manufacturing Supply Chain
D.Closed Loop Supply Chain

정답:
Explanation:
A Closed Loop Supply Chain reintroduces used products into the supply process for reuse, recycling, or remanufacturing, closing the product’s lifecycle.
Short cited term: “closed loop C materials re-enter supply chain” (L5M7 Study Guide, pp. 5C6).
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, pp. 5C6.

Question No : 14

Which of the following tactics helps organisations in the middle of a supply chain protect themselves from the Bullwhip Effect?

A.Have buffer stock
B.Conduct due diligence on lower-tier suppliers
C.Employ a younger workforce
D.Trade in a strong currency

정답:
Explanation:
The Bullwhip Effect describes amplified demand fluctuations up the supply chain; buffer stock mitigates shortages caused by sudden demand changes.
Short cited term: “buffer stock helps counter demand fluctuation” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 4).
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 4.

Question No : 15

An organisation can leverage effective Supply Chain Management to deliver Competitive Advantage.
What is meant by Competitive Advantage?

A.Outperforming competitors financially
B.Becoming the leader in the marketplace through working closely with the supply chain
C.A benefit that an organisation can use to outperform competitors in the marketplace
D.Cost savings by narrowing the supply chain

정답:
Explanation:
Competitive advantage is a distinct capability that allows an organisation to outperform its rivals, whether through cost efficiency, quality, innovation, or service.
Short cited term: “advantage that enables outperforming competitors” (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 2).
Reference: CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 2.

CIPS L5M7 시험