PSM II 시험 - Scrum실제시험문제와 답 - 180문항

Question No : 1

A new Product Owner has joined an existing Scrum Team that has been working together for eight Sprints. The Development Team has grown to have a good understanding of the functionality and business for the product they have been building. The Product Owner, being new to the company, is unsure about his responsibilities.
As a Scrum Master explain what two acceptable ways of helping the Product Owner would be. (Choose two.)

A.You advise the Product Owner to start building a good relationship with the stakeholders of the product. Ongoing interaction with them is important to regularly align with changing organizational or market expectations. The Product Owner is also expected to invite the right stakeholders to the Sprint Review meeting.
B.You inform the Product Owner that, in today’s highly competitive markets, it is important that the Development Team is updated on changing business priorities on a daily basis. The Daily Scrum allows the Development Team to adapt to the changes in scope without delay.
C.You tell the Product Owner to make sure that there are no ambiguities or possible misunderstandings in the items on the Product Backlog when they are handed over to the Development Team. This is best done by capturing the functional requirements during an analysis phase, resulting in documents that are considered as the working product of such analysis Sprints.
D.You advise the Product Owner to rely on the Development Team and the stakeholders to formulate the Product Backlog, as they are the ones most knowledgeable. By asking questions and working with them the Product Owner will quickly be up to speed.

정답:
Explanation:
The ones that are closest to the work are the best ones to understand and explain what the work is and what the needs of the users and product are.

Question No : 2

In what two ways is velocity and technical debt related? (Choose two.)

A.They are not related because technical debt is non-functional and velocity is calculated based on end user functionality.
B.As the Development Team is working on new Product Backlog items, they may unexpectedly run into technical debt that will result the team’s velocity dropping.
C.A Development Team can artificially increase velocity by allowing technical debt to be incurred.
D.Adding estimates to technical debt will allow the Development Team to maintain constant velocity therefore ensuring predictability.

정답:
Explanation:
Technical debt is a natural occurrence when developing complex products. It is a concept in software development that reflects the implied cost of additional rework caused by choosing an easy solution now instead of using a better approach that would take longer. And how it is managed will depend on the team AND context of the situation.

Question No : 3

Steven is a Scrum Master on a new Scrum Team.
What would be the best way for him to determine if the Product Owner is interacting enough with the Development Team during a Sprint?

A.Check whether the Product Owner is actively engaged at the Daily Scrums.
B.Check whether the Increment presented at the Sprint Review meets the Product Owner’s expectations.
C.See whether the Product Owner has provided enough information at the Sprint Planning to make his/ her presence optional during the Sprint. The level of autonomy within Development Team can be the result of having the right presence from the Product Owner.
D.The Product Owner must always be present with the Development Team. Unavailability of the Product Owner is prohibited in Scrum.

정답:
Explanation:
Outcomes of the Scrum Team are affected by the Product Owner’s participation and availability. During a Sprint he/she is responsible for answering questions from the Development Team about items in the current Sprint and optimizing the value of the work the Development Team does.

Question No : 4

At the Sprint Planning, the Development Team is not able to forecast the number of Product Backlog items it can do in the upcoming Sprint due to unclear requirements. The Product Owner, however, was able to clearly define the business objective he hopes to achieve in the Sprint.
Which of the following two actions would you support? (Choose two.)

A.The Development Team forecasts the most likely Product Backlog items to meet the business objective and create a Sprint Backlog based on a likely initial design and plan. Once the time- box for the Sprint Planning meeting is over, they start implementation and continue to analyze, decompose, and create additional functionality during the Sprint.
B.If all agree they can extend the Sprint Planning until the Development Team can forecast enough Product Backlog items before starting the implementation.
C.Allow the Development Team members as much time as needed to review the Product Backlog items and reconvene with the Product Owner when they are confident enough to make a forecast for the Sprint.
D.They discuss in the upcoming Sprint Retrospective why this happened and what changes will make it less likely to occur again.

정답:
Explanation:
All events are time-boxed events, such that every event has a maximum duration. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.

Question No : 5

During the Sprint Review, the Product Owner decides to release the current Increment to production. The stakeholders suggest temporarily delaying the next Sprint in order to respond more quickly to user feedback after the release. The Product Owner prefers to continue to the next Sprint and make progress towards the next release. Steven, the Scrum Master, begins facilitating the discussion.
What would be two acceptable outcomes of the discussion? (Choose two.)

A.Continue with the Sprints and include the customer feedback in the Product Backlog.
B.Delay the next Sprint to allow the Development Team to work on new customer feedback.
C.Continue with the Sprints but shorten the Sprint time-boxes to allow for shorter feedback loops.
D.Continue with the Sprints but allow the Sprint Goal within the Sprint to change according to the customer feedback.

정답:
Explanation:
A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint. Delaying the start of the next Sprint interrupts progress and can reduce the Time-to-Market. Shortening the Sprint length allows the team to respond quicker to changes outside of the Sprint plan and while still allowing delivery of business value. Adding user feedback to the Product Backlog helps the Product Owner with ordering the backlog to maximize the flow of value.
During the Sprint no changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal.

Question No : 6

After several Sprints, a key stakeholder starts using the product. The stakeholder is surprised by the slow performance and complains to the Product Owner. The Product Owner comes to the Scrum Master asking for advice.
What is the best action for a Scrum Master to take?

A.Wait until the next Sprint Retrospective as it is the most opportune time to modify the Definition of Done.
B.Bring the concern to the testers in the Development Team and ask them to include performance testing.
C.Explain to the Product Owner that it’s up to the Development Team to. decide on acceptable performance standards as they own the Definition of Done.
D.Encourage the Product Owner to bring the performance concerns to the Development Team and work with them on how to improve performance, and ultimately have stronger Definition of Done.

정답:
Explanation:
The highest priority of agility is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software. Because the Development Team is the one doing the work and increments must meet performance standards, they can expand their Definition of Done to include more stringent criteria for higher quality.

Question No : 7

Scrum addresses which of the following four risks in software development? (Choose four.)

A.The complexity and unpredictability of the requirements.
B.The stability and complexity of the technology.
C.The skills and working relationships of the people on the teams.
D.The timescale of the planned work.
E.The clear definitions of stages and gateways in the overall governance model.
F.The definition of incentive and bonus strategies by HR for all team members.

정답:
Explanation:
Scrum is a framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while productively and creatively developing, delivering, and sustaining complex products of the highest possible value. Scrum employs an iterative, incremental approach to optimize predictability and control risk.

Question No : 8

Steven is a Scrum Master of a Scrum Team that is new to Scrum. At the halfway point of the Sprint, the Product Owner comes to Steven telling him that he is concerned the Development Team will not be able to complete the entire Sprint Backlog by the end of the Sprint.
What should Steven do in this situation?

A.Motivate the Development Team to meet their commitment to the Product Owner.
B.Coach the Product Owner that with complex software development, you cannot promise the entire scope that was forecast during Sprint Planning. As more is learned during the Sprint, work may emerge that affects the Sprint Backlog.
C.Advise the Product Owner that the Development Team owns the Sprint Backlog and it is up to them to meet their commitments. No one tells the Development Team how to turn Product Backlog into Increments of potentially releasable functionality.
D.Add more people to the Development Team to meet the Product Owner’s expectations.

정답:
Explanation:
Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a ‘Done’ Increment. The Development Team modifies the Sprint Backlog throughout the Sprint, and the Sprint Backlog emerges during the Sprint. This emergence occurs as the Development Team works through the plan and learns more about the work needed to achieve the Sprint Goal.
Why C is incorrect:
a) The Dev Team does not commit to finishing all items in the Sprint Backlog. Committing to completing all items would be fixed scope and fixed time leaving no room to adapt. They commit to the Sprint Goal and doing the right thing.
b) It’s also incorrect for the PO to focus on completing the entire Sprint Backlog. Finishing everything should not be his main focus. Having a shippable increment that meets the Sprint Goal is more important than trying to finish everything. The advice in option C is equivalent to “Don’t worry, they’ll get everything done.” but because of the complex domain, you cannot guarantee everything will get done.

Question No : 9

Steven is a Scrum Master of a Development Team that has members working in different cities and time zones. Organizing the Scrum events is time consuming and requires a lot of effort to set up and run. The Development Team proposes to only hold the Daily Scrum on Mondays.
Which two responses would be most appropriate from Steven? (Choose two.)

A.Coach the team on why having a Daily Scrum every day is an important opportunity to update the Sprint plan and how it helps the team self-organize work toward achieving the Sprint Goal.
B.Ensure that there is an overall consensus by having the Development Team members vote.
C.Help the Development Team understand that lowering the frequency of communication will only increase the feeling of disconnect between the team members.
D.Acknowledge and support their decision.

정답:
Explanation:
The Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that the Scrum Team understands the purpose and value of the Scrum events. Because the Daily Scrum is owned by the Development Team, it will decide how best to run the event. And if needed the Scrum Master will coach the team to ensure the decisions stay within the boundaries of the Scrum framework.

Question No : 10

Which two scenarios would best represent a self-organizing Development Team? (Choose two.)

A.The Development Team members are strictly focused on the work within their functional role and always handing off the work to other roles in a timely matter.
B.Management works with the Scrum Master to optimize the Development Team’s progress during the Sprint.
C.Development Team members collaboratively select and re-plan their work throughout the Sprint.
D.The Development Team invites external people to the Sprint Planning to help them create a complete and detailed Sprint Backlog.
E.The Development Team creates its own Sprint Backlog, reflecting all work that is part of the Definition of Done.

정답:
Explanation:
A self-organized team is a team that is able to self-manage and decide how best to accomplish their work.

Question No : 11

At the fifth Sprint Retrospective, the Product Owner mentions that he is surprised about the amount of technical debt that has built up in the system and that the product is not able to support an adequate number of users. Peter, the Product Owner, is upset that the product will need several more Sprints to address the scalability issues in order to meet his expectations.
What factors may have led to this?

A.The Scrum Team has not used the past Sprint Retrospectives effectively to inspect and adapt.
B.The Development Team has not been paying enough attention to technical quality.
C.The Development Team and the Product Owner are not having conversations around technical debt.
D.The Scrum Master has not ensured that the Scrum Team is transparent.
E.All of the above.
F.None of the above.

정답:
Explanation:
Each component within the Scrum framework serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum’s success and usage. Scrum’s roles, events, artifacts, and rules are immutable and although implementing only parts of Scrum is possible, the result is not Scrum.

Question No : 12

Steven is a Scrum Master for three different teams building a single product from the same Product Backlog. Development Team members from each team have approached Steven complaining that their teams need Nicole, an external specialist, to commit full time for their next Sprint.
Which three acceptable solutions would Steven consider? (Choose three.)

A.For Sprints that require Nicole’s expertise for more than one team, combine the teams into one and separate when they no longer need to share her services.
B.Investigate whether applying additional techniques or frameworks for scaling Scrum would be appropriate for this product team in the future, since you have multiple Scrum Teams working on the same product, with dependencies between the teams.
C.People from the Development Teams with an interest in Nicole’s domain could volunteer to take on this work in their respective teams.
D.Ask Nicole for a plan to hire and train additional people in her domain, and in the meantime work with the Product Owner and Development Teams to re-prioritize the work so that tasks not depending on Nicole can be done first.
E.Have the Development Team re-order the Product Backlog so Nicole can serve one team full-time in a Sprint.
F.Create a team with Nicole and people from the teams to temporarily work in Nicole’s domain to serve the existing teams.

정답:
Explanation:
The Scrum Master is responsible for removing impediments within the current context of the situation AND boundaries defined by the Scrum framework.

Question No : 13

You have been hired as a Scrum Master for a company that has been doing business for over fifty years. In order to stay competitive, they have started an initiative to digitize their legacy systems. The company has several Scrum Teams working on different components that will be integrated to a single back office platform.
Your team is responsible for building the back office platform and integrating all other components. The Scrum Teams work in two week Sprints and are expected to deliver all functionality in six Sprints.
During development the requirement changes in the other components have been slowing down your team’s progress. Because of these changes, your team has estimated that they will not be able to deliver all expected work within the original timeframe. The Scrum Teams working on the other components confirm that they are still on track to meet the expected delivery date. The program manager in charge of the digitization initiative is upset and angry with your team.
As a Scrum Master, what could you do to help the Product Owner?

A.You suggest working with the program manager and the other teams on the ordering and the value of your team’s open Product Backlog items to redefine the possible delivery date.
B.You shorten your team’s Sprints to be ready sooner.
C.You remove all items from the Product Backlog for which development is forecasted to be beyond the expected date. These are likely to be low value anyhow.
D.You suggest adding additional developers to the team in order to increase velocity and meet the original date.

정답:
Explanation:
The Scrum Master serves the Product Owner in several ways, including:
- Finding techniques for effective Product Backlog management;
- Helping the Scrum Team understand the need for clear and concise Product Backlog items;
- Understanding product planning in an empirical environment;
- Ensuring the Product Owner knows how to arrange the Product Backlog to maximize value.

Question No : 14

By the end of the Sprint, a Product Backlog item in the Sprint Backlog does not meet the team’s Definition of Done.
What two things should happen with the item? (Choose two.)

A.It will be inspected at the Sprint Review and if it is acceptable by the stakeholders then include it in the Increment.
B.Do not include the item in the Increment for the Sprint.
C.Split the item and add the estimation of the completed work to the current Sprint so not to impact the velocity and add the ‘undone’ work to the next Sprint.
D.Estimate the remaining work needed to make it ‘done’ and add it to the Product Backlog for the Product Owner to decide what to do with it.

정답:
Explanation:
At the end of a Sprint, the new Increment must be ‘Done’, which means it must be in useable condition and meet the Scrum Team’s definition of ‘Done’. Scrum Team members must have a shared understanding of what it means for work to be complete, to ensure transparency. This is the Definition of Done for the Scrum Team and it is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment.

Question No : 15

Individual Development Team members have been approaching Steven, the Scrum Master, to complain about Chris. Chris has the most experience on the system they are building. He often questions the choices team members make in design and architecture making them feel bad.
What are two good ways for Steven to address this problem? (Choose two.)

A.Steven observes whether this topic is raised at the Sprint Retrospective. If not, then he checks with the team on how comfortable they are with the way the design and architecture is being handled.
B.Steven suggests facilitating a session with the full team to help resolve the issue.
C.Steven tells the concerned members that Chris’ opinions should be respected as he has the most experience and understands what is best for long term sustainability.
D.Steven shares his concerns with Chris and the impact on the other team members and that he should be a team player.
E.Steven takes the time between Sprints to organize a team building session to build a stronger relationship.

정답:
Explanation:
Conflicts are a natural occurrence and the Scrum Master coaches the Development Team on the value of resolving conflicts. Leaving conflicts unresolved can impact the Scrum values of openness and respect diminishing trust. Lower trust levels will impact the Scrum Team’s effectiveness and can cause impediments in the future. It is the responsibility of the Scrum Master to remove impediments that hinder the team through conflict resolution and facilitation.

Scrum PSM II 시험