TMMi-P_Syll2.1 시험 - iSQI실제시험문제와 답 - 111문항

Question No : 1

Which of the following is a critical success factor that is typically most relevant while establishing improvements?

A.Work on both long term and short term goals
B.Management commitment
C.The maturity of the development organization
D.Organize test improvement as a project

정답:
Explanation:
Management commitment is highlighted as one of the critical success factors in the context of implementing and sustaining test process improvements. Within the TMMi framework, senior management support is crucial for ensuring that necessary resources, funding, and priority are allocated to the improvement initiatives. This commitment must be sustained throughout the process to overcome potential resistance and ensure that the improvements are institutionalised. Without strong management commitment, the efforts may lose momentum, and the improvement goals may not be achieved.
This factor is critical across several levels of TMMi, as seen in processes related to institutionalizing the test process (such as defining organisational policies, resource allocation, and performance evaluation).
Reference: "Senior management sponsorship establishing a specific technically competent test process group that represents relevant stakeholders to guide test process improvement efforts has proven to be an effective approach".

Question No : 2

Which of the statements about the Learning Phase of the IDEAL improvement framework is the TRUE?

A.The Learning Phase includes the activities “Analyze and Validate”, “Refine Solutions” and “Propose Future Actions”.
B.Since most work has been done in the previous phases, the Learning Phase is not important.
C.The Learning Phase is the last, but nevertheless an important phase of the improvement cycle.
D.At the end of the Learning phase, all the improvement activities must have been completed and all improvement goals must have been achieved.

정답:
Explanation:
The Learning Phase in the IDEAL improvement framework is the final phase in the cycle and plays a crucial role in ensuring continuous improvement. Contrary to the belief that it is less important because most work has been done in previous phases, this phase is critical for learning from the experience gained during the improvement program. The Learning Phase ensures that the organisation refines its ability to implement change effectively.
The key activities in this phase are:
Analyze and Validate: This involves reviewing what has been achieved, whether the goals have been met, and identifying lessons learned. It focuses on what worked well and what could be done better. Propose Future Actions: Based on the analysis, recommendations are made to improve future programs. These proposals are often forwarded to management for consideration.
Thus, the Learning Phase is essential for organisational growth as it solidifies the learning from past improvements and applies it to future cycles, fostering continuous refinement of processes.
Reference: "The Learning phase completes the improvement cycle... The entire IDEAL experience is reviewed to determine what was accomplished, whether the intended goals were achieved, and how the organization can implement change more effectively and efficiently".

Question No : 3

Which of the following statements about the Acting phase of the IDEAL improvement model is TRUE?

A.This phase normally consumes the least effort in the IDEAL process, at about 15% of the total.
B.“Develop approach” and “Create solution” are activities in this phase.
C.“Plan actions” and “Implement solution” are activities in this phase.
D.“Create solution” and “Implement Solution” are activities in this phase.

정답:
Explanation:
In the Acting phase of the IDEAL improvement model, the focus is on implementing the changes that were identified and planned in the earlier phases. The two main activities in this phase are Create Solution and Implement Solution. This phase generally consumes the most effort, as creating and deploying solutions to improve the processes are resource-intensive activities. These activities align with option D, making it the correct answer.

Question No : 4

Which of the following activities is one that will typically be performed as part of the Diagnosing phase of the IDEAL test improvement cycle?

A.Develop Recommendations
B.Develop Approach
C.Develop Solution
D.Plan Actions

정답:
Explanation:
The Diagnosing phase in the IDEAL test improvement cycle is focused on understanding the current state of the organization's testing processes and identifying the areas for improvement. One of the key activities during this phase is Develop Recommendations, which involves analysing the current process against the goals and proposing areas where improvements can be made to achieve the desired state. Other activities in this phase include characterizing the current and desired states.

Question No : 5

Reporting phase
Which of following orderings matches the generic assessment process?

A.1,2,3,4
B.2,3,1,4
C.3,2,1,4
D.2,1,3,4

정답:
Explanation:
The generic assessment process in TMMi follows a structured sequence.
The correct order for the assessment phases is:
Planning phase: This involves setting the scope, goals, and strategy for the assessment. It includes assembling the assessment team, setting timelines, and defining objectives.
Preparation phase: In this phase, the necessary preparation for the assessment is done, including gathering initial information, documents, and materials. The assessment team familiarizes itself with the organization’s processes.
Interview phase: This phase includes conducting interviews with key stakeholders and collecting direct evidence about the current processes.
Reporting phase: This is the final phase where the results of the assessment are compiled into a report, including findings, recommendations, and a roadmap for improvements.
Hence, the correct sequence is Planning, Preparation, Interview, Reporting which matches option B (2, 3, 1, 4).

Question No : 6

Which of the following statements about informal assessments is FALSE?

A.An informal assessment is a quick scan of an organization’s maturity level against TMMi, but no formal rating is given.
B.Advantages of informal assessments over formal assessments include: they are less time consuming; they are less costly; they provide a result just as accurate as with a formal assessment.
C.During a test process improvement programme, informal assessments are typically performed several times.
D.Only one type of evidence is required for an informal assessment.

정답:
Explanation:
One of the key differences between informal and formal assessments is that informal assessments are not as rigorous. Informal assessments are more flexible, quicker, and less costly; however, they do not provide the same level of detail or accuracy as formal assessments. The statement that "informal assessments provide a result just as accurate as with a formal assessment" is therefore false. Formal assessments involve multiple types of evidence and a more thorough evaluation, while informal assessments typically rely on fewer types of evidence (often only interviews).

Question No : 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.The involvement of one accredited TMMi lead assessor is a requirement for an informal assessment.
B.The involvement of two accredited TMMi lead assessors is a requirement for a formal assessment.
C.An informal assessment does not provide an assessment report.
D.Only a formal assessment can provide an assessment report with a valid maturity level rating.

정답:
Explanation:
Formal assessments, in contrast to informal ones, are conducted with more rigor, and the results can lead to an official certification of maturity level. A formal assessment report includes a validated maturity level rating, making it distinct from informal assessments, which are used only for indicative purposes and do not result in an official rating. Thus, only formal assessments provide an assessment report with a valid maturity level rating.

Question No : 8

Consider the following characteristics of an assessment:
* the assessment is performed by an accredited TMMi assessor.
* only interviews are used as evidence.
To which type of assessment do these characteristics relate?

A.Informal assessments
B.Formal assessments
C.Both formal and informal assessments
D.Neither formal nor informal assessments based on TAMAR

정답:
Explanation:
Informal assessments, as described in the TMMi framework, are often quicker and cheaper as they do not require the extensive corroboration of evidence that formal assessments do. One key characteristic of informal assessments is that they may rely solely on interviews, without using other forms of corroboration such as documentation reviews or observations. These informal assessments provide an indicative view of the organization's maturity level but do not result in formal certification

Question No : 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to TMMi Levels 4 and 5 in an Agile context?

A.Because Agile projects tend to focus on defect detection rather than defect prevention, Process area 5.1 Defect Prevention is less relevant when assessing an Agile organisation for TMMi level 5.
B.Process area 4.3 Advanced Reviews is less relevant in an Agile context because quality tends to be a team effort and verification and validation tend to be discussed at team meetings, not in formal reviews.
C.When considering the achievement of specific goals in process area 5.3 Test Process Optimization in an Agile context, the deployment of new testing technologies and test improvements do not have to be made across the whole organization, since Agile teams are autonomous and can decide which improvements suit their way of working best.
D.Agile projects normally do not use operational profiles or usage models of a product on which to base statistically valid inferences to help create a representative sample of tests, thus the TMMi level 5 specific goal “Testing is performed using Statistical Methods” is considered not relevant in an Agile context.

정답:
Explanation:
In an Agile context, some practices from TMMi levels 4 and 5 might be considered less relevant or adjusted to fit the Agile methodology. Specifically, at TMMi level 5, testing with statistical methods may indeed be less relevant. In Agile projects, operational profiles or usage models, which are essential to perform statistically valid testing, are often not utilised. Agile methodologies focus more on incremental development and continuous feedback loops, which do not typically rely on statistical sampling methods. Therefore, the statement that "Agile projects normally do not use operational profiles or usage models of a product on which to base statistically valid inferences to help create a representative sample of tests, thus the TMMi level 5 specific goal 'Testing is performed using Statistical Methods' is considered not relevant in an Agile context" is true.

Question No : 10

Consider the following five statements about TMMi level 2 process areas in an Agile context.
Which of these statements are true, and which ones are false?
a. Test performance indicators in an Agile context at TMMi level 2 are always more related to team performance (for example, Velocity) than to the end-results of iterations (such as escaped defects). b. The product risk assessment process for Agile projects will normally take a more lightweight approach than with a sequential lifecycle model.
c. The process area Test Monitoring and Control in an Agile context is not as important as in a traditional methodology, since sticking to a rigid plan is not one of the tenets of the Agile manifesto nor one of the principles of Agile.
d. For TMMi in an Agile project, it is not necessary to have traceability between requirements, test conditions and tests, because test conditions are not part of an Agile methodology.
e. Following the principles of Agile development, the specification of test environments is normally performed closer to test execution than in a sequential methodology, to provide the opportunity for late changes to be implemented.
A. Statements (A. and (E. are true, statements (b), (C. and (D. are false
B. Statement (B. is true, statements (a), (c), (D. and (E. are false
C. Statements (B. and (C. are true, statements (a), (D. and (E. are false
D. Statements (B. and (D. are true, statements (a), (C. and (E. are false

정답: A
Explanation:
Each statement about TMMi level 2 in an Agile context requires careful consideration within the framework:
(a): False. While Agile projects indeed use metrics like Velocity, TMMi requires tracking end-results such as escaped defects. Both team performance and outcomes, including defect-related metrics, are significant. Test performance indicators at TMMi level 2 in an Agile context should not solely focus on team performance metrics.
(b): True. The product risk assessment process in Agile projects typically adopts a more lightweight approach compared to traditional sequential lifecycle models. Agile teams often conduct risk assessments in a more collaborative and iterative manner.
(c): False. In Agile, monitoring and controlling processes are still critical to ensure goals and quality targets are met, even if the methodology allows for flexibility and adaptation.
(d): False. Traceability is still relevant in Agile, although it may be implemented differently. Agile methodologies such as Scrum do not eliminate the need for traceability between requirements, test conditions, and tests, which is an essential part of TMMi process areas.
(e): True. Agile allows for flexibility in defining the test environment closer to the execution phase, enabling changes that reflect evolving requirements and design decisions.
Thus, the correct combination is A: Statements (a) and (e) are true, while statements (b), (c), and (d) are false.

Question No : 11

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A.The focus of improvements in an Agile context is often not on cross-project learning and institutionalization of improvements but on continuous improvements locally.
B.Both in Agile and traditional environments, a centralized TMMi process improvement project should be set up to ensure proper implementation of improvement actions across the organization.
C.In an Agile context, there may be a single combined “test document” covering the essential elements of a test policy, test strategy and even high-level test plan. Test process improvers should make “improvement” suggestions which call for more rigorous and thorough test documentation.
D.In an Agile context, the range and number of alternative improvement ideas to be considered may be significantly higher than compared to non-Agile life cycle models.

정답:
Explanation:
This statement is FALSE because in Agile environments, a centralized process improvement project may not align with the decentralized, self-organizing nature of Agile teams. Agile emphasizes local, team-driven improvements rather than a top-down, centralized approach. Continuous, local improvements within Agile teams are more suitable than attempting to manage improvements across the organization in a centralized manner, which is more characteristic of traditional environments.
TMMi
Reference: In Agile contexts, improvement actions are typically implemented locally within teams rather than through a centralized project, aligning with Agile's principles of team autonomy.

Question No : 12

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A.TMMi practices are an expected component, and they can be achieved by an “alternative” practice in an Agile context.
B.TMMi refers to the fact that testing should be an integrated part of software development and not be treated as something that is totally separate. As such TMMi and Agile approaches can effectively work together.
C.Agile approaches and TMMi can not only co-exist, but when successfully integrated will bring substantial benefits.
D.When doing TMMi test process improvement in an Agile organization, an initial set of TMMi practices of TMMi must be imposed on an organization and applied to be applied to prove compliance.

정답:
Explanation:
This statement is FALSE because TMMi is flexible and does not require the imposition of a predefined set of practices in Agile organizations. Instead, it encourages the adaptation of practices to fit the Agile context. TMMi allows for alternative practices that achieve the same goals as the expected practices, making it possible to integrate testing improvements in a way that aligns with Agile principles. The focus is on continuous improvement, not compliance with rigid practices. TMMi
Reference: TMMi emphasizes flexibility in adapting practices, particularly in Agile environments where imposed processes would contradict Agile values of adaptability and continuous improvement.

Question No : 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE about the level 5 process area Defect Prevention?

A.Defect prevention practices propose solutions to eliminate common causes of defects.
B.In order to prevent as many defects as possible, all defects should be analyzed.
C.Defect Prevention is based on an analysis of a subset of all defects.
D.Action proposals drive the improvement activities to prevent defects from reoccurring.

정답:
Explanation:
The statement that all defects should be analyzed to prevent as many defects as possible is FALSE. In the Defect Prevention process area at TMMi Level 5, only a subset of defects―those that are recurring or considered to be of significant impact―are analyzed. Analyzing all defects would be inefficient and not always necessary. Instead, a targeted approach is used to identify common causes of defects and implement actions to prevent their recurrence. TMMi
Reference: The Defect Prevention process area is based on the analysis of a subset of defects to find and eliminate common causes.

Question No : 14

Monitor product quality against plan and expectations

A.1 and 4
B.2 and 3
C.2 and 5
D.3 and 5

정답:
Explanation:
The specific goals of the Test Process Optimization process area at TMMi Level 5 include:
Select test process improvements.
Evaluate new testing technologies to determine their impact on the testing process.
Deploy test process improvements.
However, "Determine, plan and implement test process improvements" (2) and "Monitor product quality against plan and expectations" (5) are not part of the Test Process Optimization goals. Instead, these activities belong to other process areas, such as Test Measurement or earlier maturity levels. TMMi
Reference: The goals for Test Process Optimization at TMMi Level 5 focus on selecting and deploying process improvements and evaluating new technologies.

Question No : 15

Which of the following is a TMMi level 5 process area?

A.Advanced Reviews
B.Test Measurement
C.Organizational Innovation and Deployment
D.Defect Prevention

정답:
Explanation:
Defect Prevention is a TMMi Level 5 process area. This process area focuses on identifying the root causes of defects and implementing preventive measures to avoid their recurrence. At TMMi Level 5, the goal is to optimize processes and move from defect detection to defect prevention.
Advanced Reviews and Test Measurement are Level 4 process areas, while Organizational Innovation
and Deployment is part of CMMI, not TMMi.
TMMi
Reference: Defect Prevention is a key process area in TMMi Level 5, focusing on continuous process improvement and defect avoidance.

iSQI TMMi-P_Syll2.1 시험